There were 203,086 requests received by the bureau's National Instant Criminal Background Check System, according to USA Today.
The previous single-day records, both on Black Friday, were 185,713 last year and 185,345 in 2015.
Gun checks are not a measure of the actual number of guns sold. Multiple firearms can be purchased in a single transaction by the same buyer.
The surge comes days after Attorney General Jeff Sessions asked for a review of the background system in the wake of the Texas church shooting by a court-martialed veteran who was able to purchase a weapon used to kill 25 people. The Air Forcealso is investigating its part in the breakdown.
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